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* Anti-sexual harassment activists〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Press Release by Operation Anti-Sexual Harassment/Assault on Sexual Assaults during 30 June Demonstrations )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Anti-Morsi Activists Set Up Female-Only Protest Zone to Protect Against Sexual Harassment at Tahrir Square )〕 * Others |side2 =Government: * Muslim Brotherhood, * * FJP (Constituent Assembly) * Qandil Cabinet * Egyptian Islamic Labour Party |side3 = |leadfigures1 = Mahmoud Badr (Co-leader of Tamarod) Mohamed ElBaradei (Co-leader of the NSF and leader of the Constitution Party) Hamdeen Sabahi (Co-leader of the NSF and leader of the Egyptian Popular Current) Amr Moussa (Co-leader of the NSF and leader of Conference Party) George Ishak (Key opposition activist and member of the Constitution Party) Ahmed Maher (Co-leader of the April 6 Youth Movement) Mohamed Abou El-Ghar (Leader of the Egyptian Social Democratic Party) |leadfigures2 = Mohamed Morsi (President of Egypt) Hesham Qandil (Prime Minister of Egypt) Saad El-Katatni (Chairman of the Freedom and Justice Party) Mohamed Badie (Supreme Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood) Khairat el-Shater (Deputy Supreme Guide of the Muslim Brotherhood) |leadfigures3 = |howmany1 = |howmany2 = |howmany3 = |fatalities = | injuries = | arrests = |casualties_label = |notes = }} The June 2013 Egyptian protests, also called June 30 Revolution, were mass protests that occurred in Egypt on 30 June 2013, marking the one-year anniversary of Mohamed Morsi's inauguration as president. The events ended with 2013 Egyptian coup d'état after millions of protesters across Egypt took to the streets and demanded the immediate resignation of the president.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Millions flood Egypt's streets to demand Mursi quit )〕 The rallies were partly a response to Tamarod, a grassroots movement that launched a petition in April earlier that year calling for the government to step down and it claimed to have collected more than 22 million signatures. The number of protesters was estimated to be 14 million to be "the biggest protest in Egypt's history", according to military sources that claimed to have counted the numbers through helicopters that scanned the demonstrations' perimeters across the country.〔〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Millions flood Egypt streets to demand Morsi ouster )〕 Reasons for demanding Morsi's resignation included accusations of increasing authoritarianism and his pushing through an Islamist agenda disregarding the predominantly secular opposition or the rule of law. The uprising concluded seven months of protests that started when the Morsi government issued a highly controversial draft constitution that gave him sweeping unlimited powers over the state's judicial system.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Morsy issues new constitutional declaration )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt at a Crossroads after Morsi Grants Himself Sweeping Powers )〕 The demonstrations, which had started peacefully, turned violent when the headquarters of the Muslim Brotherhood were stormed in Mokattam in Cairo and when 5 members of the organization were killed amid clashes. At the same time, many Morsi supporters staged a relatively smaller rally in Rabaa al-Adawiya square in Nasr City, a district of Cairo. A total of 16 people were reported to have lost their lives on Sunday and approximately 200 injured as of late Tuesday during the unrest as a result of clashes between pro and anti-Morsi demonstrators, according to the state-run news agency. Another 10 people were also reported to have been killed in the cities of Alexandria, Marsa Matruh and Minya.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Showdown? Egypt's Morsy defies military 'ultimatum' )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt crisis: Army ousts President Mohammed Morsi )〕 On 1 July, amid the chaos the country was facing, the military delivered a nationwide TV and radio statement giving both the government and the opposition a 48-hour ultimatum to resolve the political crisis and meet the people's demands or it would intervene to restore order.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egyptian military gives 48 hour ultimatum to Brotherhood, political forces )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt's military gives Morsy ultimatum )〕 The following day, Morsi delivered an evening speech where he declared his rejection of the declaration claiming he was the elected president who represented the will of the people. The same day, another statement was released on the official Facebook page of the Supreme Council of the Armed Forces titled "The Final Hours" that read: "We swear by God that we are ready to sacrifice our blood for Egypt and its people against any terrorist, extremist or fool".〔 On the night of 3 July, General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, head of the Egyptian Armed Forces, announced in a live televised address that Mohamed Morsi had been deposed and replaced by the head of the constitutional court Adly Mansour and that the constitution had been suspended.〔 Morsi was immediately detained and kept under house arrest at the Republican Guard headquarters in Cairo while several other government officials and Islamist figures supporting Morsi were also arrested.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=President Morsi Ousted: First Democratically Elected Leader Under House Arrest )〕 The move was widely deemed as a "Revolution" and it marked a turning point for the country's future and for the fate of the Muslim Brotherhood, as it was designated a terrorist group later that year in response to a bombing in Mansoura (even though Ansar Bait al-Maqdis claimed responsibility)〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Sinai's Ansar Beit Al-Maqdis claim responsibility for Egypt's Mansoura blast )〕 and was subjected to an unprecedented crackdown amid an ongoing Islamist unrest.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt government declares Muslim Brotherhood 'terrorist group' )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Now that the Muslim Brotherhood is declared a terrorist group, it just might become one )〕 A crackdown by the military on the sit-in at Rabaa al-Adawiya Square led to the August 2013 Rabaa massacre, which Human Rights Watch says led to the deaths of 817 people in Rabaa itself and 904 people across the country by the end of August 14.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.hrw.org/node/127933/section/7 )〕 Ten members of the security forces were also killed. ==Etymology== The events are also widely called the June 30 Revolution (Arabic:ثورة ٣٠ يونيو) or simply 30/6 Revolution by the Egyptian and Middle Eastern media. They are also referred to as the Second Egyptian Revolution by several international media outlets. The Tamarod movement's highly successful goal to mobilize the protests is also strongly associated with the naming of the uprising and some organizations like the ''Washington Institute for Near East Policy'' dubbed it the Tamarod Revolution.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Egypt's Tamarod Revolution: A Video FAQ )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「June 2013 Egyptian protests」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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